VULCANICITY

VULCANICITY

•The movement of molten rocks made up of crustal rocks, gases, solid and liquid materials  from the upper mantle forcefully into the earth’s crust  (intrusion) and onto the earth’s surface (extrusion)

•The extremely high temperatures within the interior of the earth lead to melting of rocks within the mantle.

•High temperatures in the mantle is due to; radio activity within the upper mantle, weight and pressure exerted by the overlying crustal material and the heat retained within the interior of the earth.

•High temperature and high pressure results into the melting of rocks and eruption of  magma when a weakness in the crust develops

ØIntrusive vulcanicity involve pushing of materials in form of molten rocks, gases and liquids into the crust.

•The materials cool, crystallize and solidify to form intrusive landforms.

•With time the landforms are exposed through denudation process.

•Magma is the molten rocks under the earth’s crust due to intense heating in the mantle.

•Granite rocks melt at 750-8000C and produce thick and stiff magma (highly viscous-explosive eruptions).

Basaltic rocks on the other hand melt at 900-12000C and the resulting magma is fluid (less viscous-effusive eruptions.

ØExtrusive vulcanicity (volcanism) is the pushing of volcanic materials onto the surface of the earth.

•The materials cool and solidify to form extrusive volcanic landforms.

•Volcanism is the result of a planet losing its internal heat.

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